Industries/ electricity · heat · proof
One stack.
Every industry.
The stack is the same everywhere: green electricity, green heat, ergOS and esgOS from one provider. What changes is where the heat goes, what temperature it has to reach, and which duties have to stay on fuel. Each playbook starts there — and each plant is placed in a different state, because the tariff, the open-access rules and the incentives change the answer.
The sector playbooks
Data centres
A data centre's cooling return as the factory's heat source — green electricity at the doorstep, heat pumps on the loop, both sites on one screen.
Electricity
Uttar Pradesh · Greater Noida · PaschimanchalHT supply · group captive at 132 kV
- Solar 29%
- Wind 32%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 37%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹6.56 / kWh
A data centre draws a flat load around the clock — IT, cooling and losses. On the Uttar Pradesh grid: time-of-day tariff ₹5.64–₹7.47/kWh with duty and surcharges, ₹6.56 on the year's load.
- With jouleWise₹4.14 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind for 70% of the year's energy, landed at the plant: the sheet's 132 kV total, with transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking included; cross-subsidy surcharge, set by UPERC (§8.4(ii)), through captive structure avoided.
- Result26% lower
About ₹4.86 a unit across the year, against ₹6.56 from the grid, and ten years without electricity duty. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- In-state solar and wind through open access, with 75% off wheeling and transmission charges for 25 years · UP DC Policy §7.1.5(b)
- Interstate (ISTS) wind for the night: 100% off the intrastate system's charges · §7.1.5(c)
- No electricity duty for ten years after commercial operation · §7.2.2
- Banking every financial year, so surplus solar carries into the night and the monsoon · §8.4(vi)
- Above 70% renewable share and PUE ≤ 1.35, the capital-subsidy ceiling rises · §7.2.8
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹6.22 / kWh heat
A PNG boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: factory hot water at around 80 °C.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.5
Heat pumps lift data centre cooling loop return from 40 to 80 °C for factory hot water — a 40 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.5 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.18 / kWh heat
Factory heat from the data centre's waste at ₹1.18 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹1.87 even on the Uttar Pradesh grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.5 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.5. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
Tariffs from the jouleWise landed-cost sheet: the grid figure is the DISCOM time-of-day tariff with duty and surcharges; the green figure is group-captive solar or hybrid landed at the plant, with the state's transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking. The uncontracted balance stays on the grid tariff; the green share is a jouleWise planning assumption. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Food & Beverages
Source water to CIP to the last case on the truck — chilled water and hot water on the same site, at the same time.
Electricity
Punjab · Ludhiana–Mohali food beltLarge supply · general industry
- Solar 35%
- Wind 40%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 21%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹7.41 / kWh
Blow moulders, compressors, chillers and filling lines run long shifts with a daytime peak — and demand climbs steeply in summer. Billed as Large supply · general industry in Punjab: Industrial energy charges ₹5.82–7.04/kVAh in FY 2025-26, upper end used for large supply; night rate ₹5.50 (10 pm–6 am); cut by up to 74 paise from April 2026.
- With jouleWise₹4.93 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind with storage, 60% of the year's energy. ₹0.90 transmission and wheeling (model).
- Result20% lower
About ₹5.92 a unit across the year, against ₹7.41 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- Bottling and chillers peak in summer days: solar carries the peak, wind the shoulder
- Heat pumps charge a hot-water store on the ₹5.50 night rate and in solar hours, not at the evening peak
- Group-captive hybrid sized to the summer profile; winter surplus banked
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹6.22 / kWh heat
A PNG boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: bottle washing, CIP of syrup and filler lines, syrup dissolving.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.6
Heat pumps lift carbonation and process chiller condenser from 35 to 85 °C for CIP and bottle-wash water — a 50 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.6 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.37 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.37 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹2.06 even on the Punjab grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.6 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.6. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
jouleWise model, illustrative: group-captive solar–wind with storage; 5% losses; ₹0.25 banking and balancing allowance; the uncontracted balance stays on the DISCOM tariff. Grid figures are energy and fixed charges only, before electricity duty, ToD and fuel surcharges. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Textiles
Spinning floor to dye house to export container — hot water, not steam, for most of the wet processing.
Electricity
Tamil Nadu · Tiruppur knitwear clusterHT supply · group captive at 33 kV
- Solar 30%
- Wind 33%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 34%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹8.42 / kWh
Spinning and weaving run three shifts with humidification and compressed air; processing adds pumps, jets and dryers. On the Tamil Nadu grid: time-of-day tariff ₹7.53–₹9.78/kWh with duty and surcharges, ₹8.42 on the year's load.
- With jouleWise₹5.77 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind for 65% of the year's energy, landed at the plant: solar at ₹3.50 at injection, transmission ₹0.47, wheeling ₹1.04, duty ₹0.10, losses 3.8% + 5.3%, banking 2.4%; ₹1.99/kWh cross-subsidy surcharge avoided.
- Result20% lower
About ₹6.69 a unit across the year, against ₹8.42 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- Tamil Nadu's wind season lines up with three-shift processing; solar fills the day
- Captive status avoids the ₹1.99/kWh cross-subsidy surcharge an open-access buyer would pay
- Dye-house heat pumps run on the same contracted electricity, so low-cost electricity lands on the heat bill too
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹2.29 / kWh heat
A coal boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: desizing and scouring, peroxide bleaching, reactive dyeing.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.8
Heat pumps lift dye-house effluent, heat recovered from 45 to 90 °C for dye-bath and wash water — a 45 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.8 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.52 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.52 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹2.21 even on the Tamil Nadu grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.8 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.8. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
Tariffs from the jouleWise landed-cost sheet: the grid figure is the DISCOM time-of-day tariff with duty and surcharges; the green figure is group-captive solar or hybrid landed at the plant, with the state's transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking. The uncontracted balance stays on the grid tariff; the green share is a jouleWise planning assumption. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Pharmaceuticals
Reactor jackets to cleanroom HVAC to the cold chain — heating and cooling running at once, around the clock.
Electricity
Telangana · Hyderabad pharma corridorHT-I(A) industry general · 33 kV
- Solar 30%
- Wind 34%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 33%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹8.05 / kWh
Cleanroom HVAC, chillers and water systems run 24×7, so the load is high and flat. Billed as HT-I(A) industry general · 33 kV in Telangana: ₹7.15/kWh at 33 kV and ₹500/kVA/month; peak-hour ToD adds ₹1.00 (6–10 am, 6–10 pm).
- With jouleWise₹4.93 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind with storage, 60% of the year's energy. ₹0.90 transmission and wheeling (model).
- Result23% lower
About ₹6.18 a unit across the year, against ₹8.05 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- Cleanroom HVAC runs 24×7: wind and storage carry the night, solar the day
- Battery covers the 6–10 am and 6–10 pm windows, where ToD adds ₹1.00 a unit
- Process chillers and purified-water loops become the heat pumps' source
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹6.22 / kWh heat
A PNG boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: reactor jacket heating, solvent distillation and recovery, fluid-bed and tray dryers.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.2
Heat pumps lift process chillers and cleanroom HVAC from 30 to 85 °C for purified-water loops and reactor jackets — a 55 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.2 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.54 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.54 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹2.52 even on the Telangana grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.2 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.2. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
jouleWise model, illustrative: group-captive solar–wind with storage; 5% losses; ₹0.25 banking and balancing allowance; the uncontracted balance stays on the DISCOM tariff. Grid figures are energy and fixed charges only, before electricity duty, ToD and fuel surcharges. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Automotive
Press shop to paint shop to dispatch — pretreatment and washers on hot water, ovens left where they are.
Electricity
Haryana · Manesar–Gurugram auto beltHT industry · 11 kV
- Solar 35%
- Wind 36%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 26%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹7.96 / kWh
Presses, welding lines, compressed air and paint-shop HVAC set a two- or three-shift load. Billed as HT industry · 11 kV in Haryana: ₹6.95/kVAh energy and ₹290/kVA/month at 11 kV from April 2025, the first revision in seven years.
- With jouleWise₹4.83 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind with storage, 60% of the year's energy. ₹0.90 transmission and wheeling (model); ₹1.37/unit additional surcharge avoided.
- Result24% lower
About ₹6.08 a unit across the year, against ₹7.96 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- Two shifts with a daytime peak: solar-heavy contracting fits the press and paint shops
- Captive status avoids Haryana's ₹1.37/unit additional surcharge on open access
- Compressed-air and chiller heat feeds pretreatment heat pumps
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹6.22 / kWh heat
A PNG boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: pretreatment degreasing, conversion coating, ED bath and rinses.
- With jouleWiseCOP 4
Heat pumps lift compressed-air and chiller cooling water from 30 to 60 °C for pretreatment and washer baths — a 30 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 4 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.21 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.21 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹1.99 even on the Haryana grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 4 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 4. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
jouleWise model, illustrative: group-captive solar–wind with storage; 5% losses; ₹0.25 banking and balancing allowance; the uncontracted balance stays on the DISCOM tariff. Grid figures are energy and fixed charges only, before electricity duty, ToD and fuel surcharges. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Hotels & Hospitality
Chiller plant to guest-room showers to the laundry — one building rejecting heat while another pays to make it.
Electricity
Karnataka · BengaluruHT supply · group captive at 33 kV
- Solar 31%
- Wind 44%
- Storage 4%
- Exchange 21%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹7.98 / kWh
Hotels carry a steady load with an evening peak — chillers, lifts, kitchens and lighting. On the Karnataka grid: time-of-day tariff ₹6.73–₹8.73/kWh with duty and surcharges, ₹7.98 on the year's load.
- With jouleWise₹5.08 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind for 50% of the year's energy, landed at the plant: hybrid at ₹3.50 at injection, transmission ₹0.56, wheeling ₹0.37, duty ₹0.20, losses 2.9% + 5.0%, banking 1.1%.
- Result18% lower
About ₹6.53 a unit across the year, against ₹7.98 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- A low energy charge makes the open-access case thinner: rooftop solar and a battery for the evening peak come first
- Green open access from 100 kW lets a city's properties contract together
- The heat case does not depend on it: chiller heat into guest hot water
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹6.22 / kWh heat
A PNG boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: guest-room hot water, kitchen dishwashing, laundry washers.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.5
Heat pumps lift chiller condenser, or outdoor air from 30 to 65 °C for guest-room hot water, stored above 60 °C — a 35 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.5 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.45 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.45 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹2.28 even on the Karnataka grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.5 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.5. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
Tariffs from the jouleWise landed-cost sheet: the grid figure is the DISCOM time-of-day tariff with duty and surcharges; the green figure is group-captive solar or hybrid landed at the plant, with the state's transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking. The uncontracted balance stays on the grid tariff; the green share is a jouleWise planning assumption. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Cement
Quarry to bag — the kiln stays fuel-fired; the electricity bill, the waste heat and the mill schedule are where the levers are.
Electricity
Rajasthan · Chittorgarh cement belt · 132 kVHT supply · group captive at 132 kV
- Solar 33%
- Wind 37%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 26%
- Demand
- Grinding shifted
- Today₹6.93 / kWh
A cement plant is a heavy, flat, round-the-clock load with one large flexible block: grinding. On the Rajasthan grid: time-of-day tariff ₹6.25–₹7.55/kWh with duty and surcharges, ₹6.93 on the year's load.
- With jouleWise₹4.57 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind for 55% of the year's energy, landed at the plant: the sheet's 132 kV total, with transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking included.
- Result19% lower
About ₹5.63 a unit across the year, against ₹6.93 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- India's best solar resource, wheeled on RVPN's 132 and 220 kV network
- Grinding moves into the solar blocks; wind and storage carry the flat kiln load at night
- Rajasthan lowered open-access charges for FY 2026-27
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹2.29 / kWh heat
The kiln and precalciner burn coal and pet-coke at 850–1,450 °C, and stay that way. Colony hot water, additive and coal-mill drying run on fuel too.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.5
Waste heat recovered first; heat pumps lift recovered cooler and plant waste heat from 40 to 90 °C for coal-mill and additive drying air — a 50 K lift at COP 3.5.
- Result₹1.31 / kWh heat
Fuel kept for the kiln, where only fuel will do. Every other kWh of heat comes from recovered heat or green electricity.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.5 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.5. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
Tariffs from the jouleWise landed-cost sheet: the grid figure is the DISCOM time-of-day tariff with duty and surcharges; the green figure is group-captive solar or hybrid landed at the plant, with the state's transmission, wheeling, duty, losses and banking. The uncontracted balance stays on the grid tariff; the green share is a jouleWise planning assumption. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Chemicals
Tank farm to tanker — reactor jackets, preheating and evaporation on hot water, with the steam kept for the duties that need it.
Electricity
Gujarat · Dahej–Bharuch chemicals corridorHT industrial
- Solar 31%
- Wind 35%
- Storage 3%
- Exchange 32%
- Demand
- Heat pumps
- Today₹7.15 / kWh
A chemicals site is a round-the-clock load: agitators, pumps, compressors, chillers and cooling towers never stop. Billed as HT industrial in Gujarat: ₹4.30/unit energy charge plus a fuel and power purchase surcharge of about ₹2.85/unit; demand charges extra.
- With jouleWise₹4.72 / kWh landed
Group-captive solar and wind with storage, 60% of the year's energy. ₹0.90 transmission and wheeling (model); ₹1/kWh additional surcharge avoided.
- Result20% lower
About ₹5.69 a unit across the year, against ₹7.15 from the grid. Illustrative; actual figures vary by site.
- Round-the-clock load: Gujarat wind and solar hybrid with storage for the night
- Captive status avoids the ₹1/kWh additional surcharge Gujarat levies on open access
- Reactor jackets and evaporators move to heat pumps on the same electricity
Tariffs are jouleWise estimates; they may vary with location, voltage level and customer category.
Heat
- Today₹2.29 / kWh heat
A coal boiler makes steam for jobs that only need hot water: tank and line heating, process water and CIP, reactor jacket heating.
- With jouleWiseCOP 3.5
Heat pumps lift cooling-tower and condenser water from 35 to 85 °C for reactor jackets and feed preheat — a 50 K lift, so each kWh of electricity delivers about 3.5 kWh of heat.
- Result₹1.35 / kWh heat
Process heat at ₹1.35 a kWh on the contracted electricity — ₹2.04 even on the Gujarat grid. The boiler stays on standby.
Low-cost electricity drives low-cost heat
A heat pump turns 1 kWh of electricity into about 3.5 kWh of heat, so a kWh of heat costs the electricity price ÷ 3.5. Every rupee the electricity lever takes off a unit of electricity comes off the heat too.
jouleWise model, illustrative: group-captive solar–wind with storage; 5% losses; ₹0.25 banking and balancing allowance; the uncontracted balance stays on the DISCOM tariff. Grid figures are energy and fixed charges only, before electricity duty, ToD and fuel surcharges. Fuel rows from the playbook's economics; COP from the sector's lift.
Each playbook is a typical engineering approach for the sector, not a record of one plant. Figures are indicative and depend on state, tariff, load profile and process temperature; a site-specific case is built in the baseline.
In short/ Industries
The industry playbooks map the same four-layer stack to how each sector actually uses energy: where the heat goes, how hot it has to be, and which duties stay on fuel.
Seven sector playbooks and the data centre loop. Each is a typical engineering approach for the sector — the intervention map from incomer to despatch, the temperature ladder of heat duties, the economics per kWh of useful heat, the 24-hour dispatch with heat pumps as part of demand, and the roadmap — not a record of one plant.
Start/ one plant
Tell us the plant.
We’ll map the stack.
One year of electricity bills and fuel records is enough to begin. We return the baseline, the electricity-and-heat roadmap and the business case.