esgOS Studio/ the disclosure layer
A number without
a boundary is not a number.
Most carbon tools give you one figure and hide the assumptions that produced it. This one puts the emission factor and the boundary on the page as inputs, and reports location-based and market-based Scope 2 side by side — because the gap between them is the first thing an auditor asks about.
- Scope 1 · direct34% · 15.4k tCO₂e
- Scope 2 · market66% · 29.3k tCO₂e
Why two Scope 2 numbers
Location-based applies the grid factor to every unit you drew, regardless of what you contracted. It describes the grid you are physically connected to and it does not move when you sign a green contract.
Market-based credits green supply whose instruments have been retired in your name. Move the green-electricity slider and watch only this one respond — that gap is the thing an auditor will ask about, and reporting one without the other is how disclosures get challenged.
Both are reported under the GHG Protocol dual-reporting approach. Applicability, factors and the year they belong to should be confirmed against a current primary source for your jurisdiction.
What it is telling you/ read this bit
Contracts move one
number, not both.
Contracting renewable supply with instruments retired reduces your market-based Scope 2. It does not change the grid you are physically connected to, so the location-based figure stays where it is. Report both, or expect to be asked why not.
Grid emission factors differ by jurisdiction and by year, and the number you publish moves with them. A carbon figure quoted without its factor and vintage cannot be checked, which means it cannot be relied on.
Fuel burned on site. No contract restructures it — only burning less does, which is why heat electrification shows up here and electricity contracting does not.
Value-chain emissions depend on supplier disclosure. Where it does not exist it has to be estimated and labelled as an estimate. This tool takes it as an input rather than inventing one for you.
Per litre, per kg, per pack — the denominator is a commercial decision as much as a technical one, and changing it changes the headline. Leave it unstated here and the intensity figure simply does not appear.
In short/ esgOS Studio
esgOS Studio is a free carbon calculator that reports a plant's Scope 1 and both Scope 2 figures — location-based and market-based — with the emission factor and boundary on the page.
Enter purchased electricity, the grid emission factor for your jurisdiction and year, the share of green electricity contracted with instruments retired, the fuel burned on site, annual output and any known Scope 3. The studio returns Scope 1, location-based Scope 2 (every unit at the grid factor), market-based Scope 2 (green contracts credited), the totals under both methods and the intensity per unit of output. Only the market-based figure moves when the green share changes, which is the gap an auditor asks about first.
What to take away
- Default grid emission factor 0.716 kg CO₂/kWh, the figure used across the sector decks; it is jurisdiction- and year-specific and must be stated in any disclosure.
- Default scenario: 63 GWh/yr purchased electricity, 35% green with instruments retired, 7.9 million SCM of piped natural gas at 1.95 kg CO₂/SCM, 300 million litres of output, giving Scope 1 about 15,400 t, location-based Scope 2 about 45,100 t and market-based Scope 2 about 29,300 t CO₂e.
- Both Scope 2 methods are reported under the GHG Protocol dual-reporting approach.
What it assumes
- Scope 3 is taken as an input, estimated and labelled, never computed from nothing: value-chain emissions depend on supplier data.
- Intensity needs an agreed denominator; leave output at zero and no intensity is reported.
- This is arithmetic on typed figures; esgOS does the same arithmetic on fifteen-minute metered data so every number traces to a meter.
Questions this page answers
Why are there two Scope 2 numbers?
Does a green electricity contract reduce Scope 1?
Which disclosure formats does esgOS produce?
Does esgOS replace an auditor?
Next/ from the meter
Traceable beats
defensible.
This is arithmetic on figures you typed. esgOS does the same arithmetic on fifteen-minute metered data, so every number traces back to a meter rather than to a spreadsheet.